![]() The distinction between NI and PNI is understood to be merely morphological: in NI, the incorporated nominal is morphologically fused to the verbal complex and typically appears with very little nominal morphology (case/person/number/gender/etc.) (Sadock 1980 Mithun 1984, 1986 Baker 1988, 1996 Gerdts 2001 Massam 2009), while in PNI, the incorporated nominal enjoys more syntactic freedom than its counterpart in NI. the semantics of kinds which are mostly confined to the domain of individuals and the semantics of events which are mostly confined to canonical verbal expressions. Extending the notion of kinds from the domain of individuals to the domain of events has not only provided a motivated account of the paradoxical properties of BNI constructions which would otherwise defy formal treatment, but also bridged two lines of research previously thought to be independent of each other, viz. Integrating the analytical insights from both the advances in the theories of kinds (Chierchia in Nat Lang Semant 6: 339–405, 1998 Gehrke in Nat Lang Linguist Theory 33: 897–938, 2015) and in the theories of incorporation (Dayal in Nat Lang Linguist Theory 29: 123–167, 2011 Schwarzs in Weak referentiality, John Benjamins, 2014), the article proposes an event kind-based analysis by treating BNI constructions as expressions of Chierchia-style kinds in the domain of events, where the (proto-typical) theme arguments instantiating the bare noun complements form part of the event kinds rather than function as independent semantic arguments to the verbs. However, unlike other attested (pseudo-)incorporated structures, which are mostly verbal in nature, BNI constructions can be freely used as arguments, akin to nominalized expressions. Mandarin BNI constructions, taking the form of V-O compounds, exhibit a constellation of properties (e.g., obligatory narrow scope, institutionalized meaning, reduced discourse capacity, restricted modification of incorporated nominals, etc.) which are typically associated with (pseudo-)incorporated structures in other languages. We also cover dogs and cats (and how to remember the Chinese names easily!) in this lesson video from the course.This article motivates and develops a compositional account for bare noun incorporation (BNI) constructions in Mandarin Chinese. Want to learn one of the most common measure words in Chinese? Click here to check out the lesson. If you want to learn how to count in Chinese, be sure to check out this FREE lesson from our Beginner Conversational Course: More Content for Learning Mandarin (Including Freebies!) We hope you enjoyed both this blog post and our Animal Pocket Guide! 条 (tiáo) is used for those animals that are long and skinny, like: 只 (zhī) is used for general animals, like: We also have this video tutorial to show you step by step how to make these pocket guides. ![]() ![]() Simply download the file, print it out, and start cutting and folding into a mini book: Ever wonder how to talk about your pet in Chinese, or your favorite 动物 (dòng wù) - animal - in Chinese? Well, we’ve compiled a list of useful vocabulary for 28 animals you may want to express in Chinese!ĭue to popular demand from our Tricky Pinyin Pocket Guide, we’ve also made another handy Yoyo Chinese Pocket Guide, for all of these animals! (Plus, it’s a great activity to keep busy during quarantine!) ![]()
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